NSF announces the award of five supercomputing center contracts: • Cornell Theory Center (CTC), directed by Nobel laureate Ken Wilson; • The John Von Neumann Center (JVNC) at Princeton, directed by computational fluid dynamicist Steven Orszag; • The National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA), directed at the University of Illinois by astrophysicist Larry Smarr; • The Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center (PSC), sharing locations at Westinghouse, the University of Pittsburgh, and Carnegie Mellon University, directed by Michael Levine and Ralph Roskies; • The San Diego Supercomputer Center (SDSC), on the campus of the University of California, San Diego, and administered by the General Atomics Company under the direction of nuclear engineer Sid Karin. • By the end of 1985, the number of hosts on the Internet (all TCP/IP interconnected networks) has reached 2,000. MIT translates and publishes Computers and Communication by Dr. Koji Kobayashi, the Chairman of NEC. Dr. Kobayashi, who joined NEC in 1929, articulates his clear vision of ‘C & C’, the integration of computing and communication.
1985
