Understanding the thirteen diagrams of UML 2.x is an important part of understanding OO development. Although there is far more to modeling than just the UML the reality is the UML defines the standard modeling artifacts when it comes to object technology.
There are three classifications of UML diagrams:
- Behavior diagrams. A type of diagram that depicts behavioral features of a system or business process. This includes activity, state machine, and use case diagrams as well as the four interaction diagrams.
- Interaction diagrams. A subset of behavior diagrams which emphasize object interactions. This includes communication, interaction overview, sequence, and timing diagrams.
- Structure diagrams. A type of diagram that depicts the elements of a specification that are irrespective of time. This includes class, composite structure, component, deployment, object, and package diagrams.
Table 1 summarizes the thirteen, up from nine in UML 1.x, diagram types of UML 2.x. In the diagram column the links will take you to description pages for the artifact. The learning priority column indicates how important it is for a business application developer to learn the artifact (IMHO).
Diagram | Description | Learning Priority |
Activity Diagram | Depicts high-level business processes, including data flow, or to model the logic of complex logic within a system. See UML Activity diagram guidelines. | High |
Class Diagram | Shows a collection of static model elements such as classes and types, their contents, and their relationships. See UML Class diagram guidelines. | High |
Communication Diagram | Shows instances of classes, their interrelationships, and the message flow between them. Communication diagrams typically focus on the structural organization of objects that send and receive messages. Formerly called a Collaboration Diagram. See UML Collaboration diagram guidelines. | Low |
Component Diagram | Depicts the components that compose an application, system, or enterprise. The components, their interrelationships, interactions, and their public interfaces are depicted. See UML Component diagram guidelines. | Medium |
Composite Structure Diagram | Depicts the internal structure of a classifier (such as a class, component, or use case), including the interaction points of the classifier to other parts of the system. | Low |
Deployment Diagram | Shows the execution architecture of systems. This includes nodes, either hardware or software execution environments, as well as the middleware connecting them. See UML Deployment diagram guidelines. | Medium |
Interaction Overview Diagram | A variant of an activity diagram which overviews the control flow within a system or business process. Each node/activity within the diagram can represent another interaction diagram. | Low |
Object Diagram | Depicts objects and their relationships at a point in time, typically a special case of either a class diagram or a communication diagram. | Low |
Package Diagram | Shows how model elements are organized into packages as well as the dependencies between packages. See Package diagram guidelines. | Low |
Sequence Diagram | Models the sequential logic, in effect the time ordering of messages between classifiers. See UML Sequence diagram guidelines. | High |
State Machine Diagram | Describes the states an object or interaction may be in, as well as the transitions between states. Formerly referred to as a state diagram, state chart diagram, or a state-transition diagram. See UML State chart diagram guidelines. | Medium |
Timing Diagram | Depicts the change in state or condition of a classifier instance or role over time. Typically used to show the change in state of an object over time in response to external events. | Low |
Use Case Diagram | Shows use cases, actors, and their interrelationships. See UML Use case diagram guidelines. | Medium |
This material has been excerpted from The Object Primer 3rd Edition: Agile Modeling Driven Development with UML 2.
