ORNL and Volkswagen demonstrated a 270-kW wireless power transfer to a Porsche Taycan.
Researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) have successfully demonstrated the first 270-kW wireless electric vehicle (EV) charging technology.
A team at the Department of Energy’s institution had earlier set a record for wireless EV charging with its demonstration of a 100 kW charger in March.
The demonstration was done in partnership with the Volkswagen Group with the the wireless power transfer of 270 kW being showcased on a Porsche Taycan EV.
“In the past three months, the ORNL vehicle power electronics and electric drives research teams have set impressive world records for wireless charging,” said Lee Slezak, DOE’s Vehicle Technologies Office technology manager for grid and charging infrastructures, in a statement.
Compact high-power system
The Porsche Taycan, as a light-duty passenger vehicle, faces challenges in accommodating conventional large and heavy wireless power transfer systems due to space, weight, and volume limitations.
According to the team, current research is focused on developing wireless charging systems for light-duty cars that can achieve up to 11 kW of power and 92 percent efficiency. Industry standards currently cover power levels up to 20 kW.
ORNL developed a lightweight system for powering the Porsche Taycan, utilizing polyphase electromagnetic coupling coils. These coils, slightly over 19 inches in diameter, deliver high power density in a compact form.
Drawing inspiration from the wireless charging of small gadgets, the system’s distinctive coil design and geometry enable the transmission of exceptionally high power levels.
Researchers say this is achieved through rotating magnetic fields created by the coil phase windings, which enhance power delivery. The charging system was efficiently incorporated into the vehicle’s undercarriage.
The team of researchers that carried out ORNL’s record-setting 270-kW wireless power transfer to a light-duty passenger vehicle.
Power density is crucial in wireless charging, showing how much power a system handles relative to its size. ORNL’s system achieves a 50 percent charge in 10 minutes at over 95 percent efficiency, with a 4.75-inch gap between coil and ground.
Wireless power transmission technology also includes protection mechanisms against short-circuiting, overheating, and exceeding voltage and current restrictions. When power outages or other unforeseen circumstances prevent safe power transfer, these systems can start shutdown operations.
“We’re also working with Volkswagen on developing a polyphase system for residential charging applications and collaborating on the development of a lightweight enclosure design that will improve mechanical, electrical, thermal, and magnetic performance,” said Omer Onar, ORNL’s leader of the Vehicle Power Electronics group and lead researcher on the Porsche demonstration.
Future of EV charging
For the past decade, ORNL researchers have advanced wireless charging technology. In 2016, they transferred 20 kilowatts to an SUV using their own inverter and coupling tech.
By 2018, they reached 120 kW in lab tests with conventional coils. The recent 100- and 270-kW tests are the first applications of ORNL’s polyphase system on electric vehicles.
ORNL hopes that by extending the range and simplifying the charging process, its pursuit of greater charge rates will promote the usage of EVs. This is especially important for light-duty passenger cars used for everyday commuting.
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“This achievement gets us one step further to the reality of a future where an electric vehicle can pull into a charging station and recharge in the same time it would take to walk into a store and grab a snack,” said Burak Ozpineci, ORNL’s corporate fellow and distinguished researcher who leads vehicle and mobility systems research.
In the near future, ORNL and Volkswagen intend to continue collaborating to enhance the 270-kW charging prototype by making it a more affordable and scalable system.
These trials help DOE achieve its extreme fast-charging objective, which is to create a system that can charge electric vehicles in 15 minutes or fewer while supplying 250–300 kilowatts of power.
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Jijo Malayil Jijo is an automotive and business journalist based in India. Armed with a BA in History (Honors) from St. Stephen's College, Delhi University, and a PG diploma in Journalism from the Indian Institute of Mass Communication, Delhi, he has worked for news agencies, national newspapers, and automotive magazines. In his spare time, he likes to go off-roading, engage in political discourse, travel, and teach languages.